It all started with professional or creative craftsmen operating complicated, heavy machinery. They were joined by gifted electronics experts who may, in turn, be superseded by the general public. Is this how the profile of a counterfeiter will develop? Is the community of potential counterfeiters growing and becoming more diverse? There are several indicators that point in this direction. One trend that may be discerned is that traditional document security is undergoing a further metamorphosis. This article looks to establish if governments and industry are ready - and fit enough - to meet these challenges?